刺激兔丘脑不同核团和胼胝体引起的膈神经放电效应

实验在33例清醒、肌肉麻痹和切断双侧迷走神经的家兔上进行,观察了刺激丘脑不同核团(VIL,VL,VPM 和 MI)和胼胝体纤维以激活皮层时膈神经的放电效应。当在吸气相(膈神经放电时)给予上述核团及胼胝体纤维电脉冲刺激,可使膈神经放电短暂抑制,随后的呼气相缩短、吸气相提前出现。如果在呼气相刺激上述核团,也能使该呼气时相缩短,随后的吸气时相提前出现。当在皮层接受 VL 投射的局部区域给予回苏灵后,再刺激 VL,皮层诱发电位增大,除使原先的膈神经放电效应更为明显外,还可在呼气相刺激时引起膈神经即刻的短暂放电。以上实验结果提示,当用回苏灵使皮层活动加强后,刺激丘脑 VL 引起的膈神经放电效应明显增强。损毁红核或切断皮层下行传导束但保留皮层脊髓束后,刺激丘脑引起的膈神经放电效应均不受影响,表明传入冲动激活皮层后引起的膈神经放电效应可能主要经皮层脊髓束下传,而皮层红核脊髓束不起重要作用。     

光敏反应对过氧化氢酶的影响

光氧化反应中,纯过氧化氢酶活性受光敏化剂血卟啉Ⅳ和核黄素的抑制。随光敏化剂浓度增高及照光时间延长,抑制程度加大。酶与光敏化剂反应后吸收光谱位移,峰形改变。紫外差示吸收光谱出现229nm负峰(血卟啉)和236—240nm峰(核黄素)。结果表明酶活的抑制与其蛋白构象的变化相关。     

Selenium Assimilation and Nutrient Element Uptake in White Clover and Tall Fescue under the Influence of Sulphate Concentration and Selenium Tolerance of the Plants

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and white clover (Trifoliumrepens L.) were examined for Se assimilation and nutrient elementuptake. Substantial Se tolerance difference was found betweenthe two species. An inverse relationship between Se accumulationand Se tolerance suggests an exclusion mechanism that restrictsSe uptake by the plant with greater Se tolerance. A positiverelationship between the increase of protein Se concentrationand growth inhibition in the plants suggests that assimilationof Se into proteins is responsible for the Se toxic effect andthis study indicates that the antagonistic effect of sulphateis responsible for reducing Se toxicity at the protein level.No evidence that a Se exclusion mechanism which excludes Sefrom incorporating into protein, such as that found in Astragalusspecies, plays any major role of Se tolerance in these two species. Under Se treatment, plant tissue Ca concentration was increased,but P concentration was decreased. A higher Fe concentrationwas found in white clover which increased with increasing tissueSe concentration. Copper, Mn, and Zn concentrations only increasedin the white clover under conditions of severe growth inhibition. Key words: Tall fescue, white clover, selenium assimilation, selenium exclusion, tolerance, nutrient uptake     

两种颚口线虫流行病学调查和刚刺颚口线虫幼虫对四十种动物感染力的研究

本文报告刚刺颚口线虫Gnathostoma hispidum和棘颚口线虫Gnathostoma spinigerum流行学和动物实验。证明我国有40种动物充当它们的第一、二中间宿主和转续宿主,其中30种是这两种病源共同宿主。首次报告猕猴Macaca mulatta可作刚刺颚口线虫的第二中间宿主和转续宿主。用刚刺颚口线虫晚第三期幼虫经皮肤感染家猫和小白鼠均得阳性。调查和实验结果表明刚刺颚口线虫和棘颚口线虫的生物学和流行学特性十分相似,显示它们都是人兽共患的寄生虫。文中讨论刚刺颚口线虫的传播途径和人体感染问题。     

斑痣盘菌科一新种——松生小鞋孢盘菌

本文报道在云南省昆明市华山松(Pinus armandi Franch.)上发现的斑痣盘菌科一新种,即松生小鞋孢盘菌(Soleella pinicola Y.R.Lin et W.Ren)。对该种作了拉丁文、汉文描述和图解。主模式标本保藏于安徽农学院林学系森林保护教研室。     

柞蚕细胞色素P-450和酰胺酶的研究

柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi G.)在我国蚕业生产中占有重要地位,防治其病虫害主要靠农药。因此研究蚕体内与农药代谢有关的酶类是有意义的。 微粒体多功能氧化酶系(MFO)起着代谢杀虫剂的中心作用,并与杀虫剂的选择毒性,抗性以及增效现象密切相关。细胞色素P-450(下简称P-450)是MFO的关键成分,